The current research was conducted with the aim of the effect of attachment style on EMOTION REGULATION with the mediating role of identity style. The research method was descriptive and structural equation analysis. The statistical population of the research was all second year high school students of Kashan city in the academic year of 1400-1401, of which 500 people were selected by random cluster method. Data were collected based on three questionnaires: Gross & Jan (2003) EMOTIONal REGULATION Inventory, Identity Style Scale (6G-ISI) and Collins and Reid (1990) Attachment Style Questionnaire. The data are obtained by structural equation modeling and using Laserl 8.8 and 26 spss software. analyzed. Based on the results, secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01, avoidant attachment style at a significance level of 0.05, and ambivalent attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 directly predicted EMOTION REGULATION. Among the three attachments, secure attachment style predicted EMOTION REGULATION at a significant level of 0.01, with the mediation of identity styles. Informational identity style at a significance level of 0.01, confused identity style at a significance level of 0.05 directly predicted EMOTION REGULATION. Among the three attachments, only the secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 had a significant role in predicting the normative identity style. According to the results of this study, EMOTION REGULATION is one of the most important constructs of educational psychology and an important factor in determining mental health and successful performance. It is in education that the factors affecting EMOTION REGULATION and its antecedents should be identified. Planning for training and holding educational workshops in this field in schools is suggested for students.

Background and Aim: Nursing is one of the stressful occupations and psychological hardiness can be effective in controlling stress and maintaining and ensuring their health, so the present study was conducted with the aim of the role of spiritual experiences and EMOTIONal REGULATION in predicting the psychological hardiness of nurses. Methods: The current research was a descriptive-correlational study. The research community included all the nurses of Birjand city in 2023. Among the qualified people, 280 nurses were selected through available sampling based on the Gujarsi and Morgan table (1971). They answered the questionnaires about the spiritual experiences of Underwood and Tersi (2002), the EMOTIONal REGULATION of Gross and John (2003), and the psychological hardiness of Kiamrai et al. (2007). Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 22 software. Results: The results showed that the correlation between EMOTION REGULATION (r=0.531) and spiritual experiences (r=0.587) with psychological hardiness was positive. Also, the components of spiritual experiences were 35.3% and the components of EMOTION REGULATION were 29.1% of the variance is explained by psychological hardiness. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that the spiritual experiences and REGULATION of EMOTIONs of nurses are effective on their psychological hardiness and it can be said that with the increase of spiritual experiences and REGULATION of EMOTIONs of nurses, the level of psychological hardiness increases. Therefore, it is suggested that by promoting the spiritual experiences and EMOTIONal REGULATION of nurses, the ground for improving their psychological hardiness is provided.

Aim and Background: Although the relationship between history of childhood trauma and symptoms of borderline personality is widely studied, there has been little attention to lifetime traumas and investigate the role of cognitive EMOTION REGULATION strategies and spiritual coping as mediators of this relationship. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive EMOTION REGULATION strategies and spiritual coping in the relationship between the history of trauma and symptoms of borderline personality. Methods and Materials: In a descriptive-correlational study, 200 female-headed households of Neyshabur city were selected by available sampling method. The participants completed Borderline Traits Scale (BTS), Cognitive EMOTION REGULATION Questionnaire (CERQ), Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ) and Spiritual Coping Questionnaire (SCQ). Data were analyzed by LISREL and SPSS software, using Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling. Findings: The results of this study showed that proposed model about mediating role of cognitive EMOTION REGULATION strategies and spiritual coping in the relationship between the history of trauma and symptoms of borderline personality has an acceptable fit with the data. In addition, maladaptive cognitive EMOTION REGULATION strategies and negative spiritual coping mediated the relationship between history of trauma and symptoms of borderline personality. Conclusions: The results of present study emphasize the importance of maladaptive cognitive EMOTION REGULATION strategies and negative spiritual coping in developing the symptoms of borderline personality after the trauma.

Aims: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of EMOTION REGULATION strategies training on difficulties in EMOTION REGULATION.Methods: This research was an experimental study. To this end, 20 university students (9 males and 11 females) from the Kharazmi University voluntarily participated in this study. The volunteers were trained EMOTION REGULATION strategies for 10 sessions in a group. In all the three stages of training (prior to training, while receiving the training and subsequent to the training) individuals were tested using the Difficulties in EMOTION REGULATION Scale (DERS). The obtained data were entered into SPSS 18 and were analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni tests.Results: Results indicated that, process EMOTION REGULATION training meaningfully decreases the scores of difficulties engaging in goal directed behavior (P<0.001), lack of EMOTIONal awareness (P<0.001), impulse control difficulties (P<0.01), limited access to EMOTION REGULATION strategies (P<0.01), lack of EMOTIONal clarity (P<0.01) and non-acceptance of EMOTIONal responses (P<0.05) in the participants.Conclusion: With regards to the results of the present research, it can be concluded that modifying maladaptive EMOTION REGULATION strategies can be a good solution to prevent EMOTION problems.